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Common Types, Causes, Symptoms and Treatments. By Gretchyn Bailey; reviewed by Vance Thompson, MDA cataract is a clouding of the eye's natural lens, which lies behind the iris and the pupil. Cataracts are the most common cause of vision loss in people over age 4. In fact, there are more cases of cataracts worldwide than there are of glaucoma, macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy combined, according to Prevent Blindness America (PBA). Today, cataracts affect more than 2. Americans age 4. 0 and older. People with diabetes or those taking high doses of steroid medications have a greater risk of developing a subcapsular cataract. A nuclear cataract forms deep in the central zone (nucleus) of the lens. Nuclear cataracts usually are associated with aging. A cortical cataract is characterized by white, wedge- like opacities that start in the periphery of the lens and work their way to the center in a spoke- like fashion. This type of cataract occurs in the lens cortex, which is the part of the lens that surrounds the central nucleus. Cataract Symptoms and Signs. A cataract starts out small and at first has little effect on your vision. You may notice that your vision is blurred a little, like looking through a cloudy piece of glass or viewing an impressionist painting. A cataract may make light from the sun or a lamp seem too bright or glaring. Or you may notice when you drive at night that the oncoming headlights cause more glare than before. Colors may not appear as bright as they once did. The type of cataract you have will affect exactly which symptoms you experience and how soon they will occur. When a nuclear cataract first develops, it can bring about a temporary improvement in your near vision, called . On the other hand, a subcapsular cataract may not produce any symptoms until it's well- developed. If you think you have a cataract, see an eye doctor for an exam to find out for sure. What Causes Cataracts? The lens inside the eye works much like a camera lens, focusing light onto the retina for clear vision. It also adjusts the eye's focus, letting us see things clearly both up close and far away. The lens is mostly made of water and protein. The protein is arranged in a precise way that keeps the lens clear and lets light pass through it. But as we age, some of the protein may clump together and start to cloud a small area of the lens. This is a cataract, and over time, it may grow larger and cloud more of the lens, making it harder to see. No one knows for sure why the eye's lens changes as we age, forming cataracts. But researchers worldwide have identified factors that may cause cataracts or are associated with cataract development. Besides advancing age, cataract risk factors include: Ultraviolet radiation from sunlight and other sources. Diabetes. Hypertension. Obesity. Smoking. Prolonged use of corticosteroid medications. Statin medicines used to reduce cholesterol. Previous eye injury or inflammation. Previous eye surgery. Hormone replacement therapy. Significant alcohol consumption. High myopia. Family history. One theory of cataract formation that's gaining favor is that many cataracts are caused by oxidative changes in the human lens. This is supported by nutrition studies that show fruits and vegetables high in antioxidants may help prevent certain types of cataracts (see below). Cataract Prevention. Though there is significant controversy about whether cataracts can be prevented, a number of studies suggest certain nutrients and nutritional supplements may reduce your risk of cataracts. One large, 1. 0- year study of female health professionals found that higher dietary intakes of vitamin E and the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin from food and supplements were associated with significantly decreased risks of cataract. Good food sources of vitamin E include sunflower seeds, almonds and spinach. Good sources of lutein and zeaxanthin include spinach, kale and other green, leafy vegetables. Other studies have shown antioxidant vitamins such as vitamin C and foods containing omega- 3 fatty acids may reduce cataract risk. Visit our Nutrition & Eyes section to read more about eye vitamins and how a healthful diet and good nutrition may help prevent cataracts. Another step you can take to reduce your risk of cataracts is to wear protective sunglasses that block 1. UV rays when you are outdoors. Cataract Treatment. When symptoms begin to appear, you may be able to improve your vision for a while using new glasses, strong bifocals, magnification, appropriate lighting or other visual aids. Think about surgery when your cataracts have progressed enough to seriously impair your vision and affect your daily life. Many people consider poor vision an inevitable fact of aging, but cataract surgery is a simple, relatively painless procedure to regain vision. Cataract surgery is very successful in restoring vision. In fact, it is the most frequently performed surgery in the United States, with more than 3 million Americans undergoing cataract surgery each year, according to PBA. Nine out of 1. 0 people who have cataract surgery regain very good vision, somewhere between 2. During surgery, the surgeon will remove your clouded lens and in most cases replace it with a clear, plastic intraocular lens (IOL). New IOLs are being developed all the time to make the surgery less complicated for surgeons and the lenses more helpful to patients. Presbyopia- correcting IOLs potentially help you see at all distances, not just one. Another new type of IOL blocks both ultraviolet and blue light rays, which research indicates may damage the retina. Read more on this website about what to expect if you have cataract surgery and how to deal with rare cataract surgery complications. Also, men should be aware that certain prostate drugs can cause intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS) during a cataract procedure. Optometry and Vision Science. August 2. 01. 2. Diet, vegetarianism, and cataract risk. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, March 2. Prevalence and risk factors for cataract in diabetes: Sankara Nethralaya Diabetic Retinopathy Epidemiology and Molecular Genetics Study, report no. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. December 2. 01. 0. Hormone replacement therapy in relation to risk of cataract extraction: A prospective study of women. March 2. 01. 0. Dietary carotenoids, vitamins C and E, and risk of cataract in women: A prospective study. Archives of Ophthalmology. January 2. 00. 8. Alcohol consumption and risk of cataract extraction: a prospective cohort study of women. April 2. 00. 7. Prospective study of dietary fat and risk of cataract extraction among U. S. American Journal of Epidemiology. May 2. 00. 5. Diabetes, hypertension, and central obesity as cataract risk factors in a black population: The Barbados Eye Study. January 1. 99. 9. Sunlight exposure and risk of lens opacities in a population- based study: The Salisbury Eye Evaluation Project. The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). August 1. 99. 8. A prospective study of alcohol consumption and risk of cataract. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. May/June 1. 99. 4. The Lens Opacities Case- Control Study: Risk factors for cataract. Archives of Ophthalmology. February 1. 99. 1. Ultraviolet light exposure and risk of posterior subcapsular cataracts. Archives of Ophthalmology. March 1. 98. 9. Effect of ultraviolet radiation on cataract formation. The New England Journal of Medicine. December 1. 98. 8. Gary Heiting, OD, and Judith Lee also contributed to this article. Finasteride Dosing Men Pills Enhancement Free Best One with Www Penis Pump Com and Men Pills Enhancement Free Best One.
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